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Modal Analysis

Problem Description

Modal analysis of a cantilever beam having uniform cross section is performed to calculate the mode shapes and natural frequencies of the beam.

cantilever beam line model

Geometry

A cantilever beam of length 1m , having rectangular cross section is studied. 

beam cross section

Mesh Generation

We model the beam using 2D plane stress quadrilateral element and 8 node hexahedral element.

cantilever beam 2D and 3D mesh

Import Mesh

Now import the mesh file saved in file 2DPlaneBeam.m which is exported from GMSH.

import mesh in scifesol

Define Analysis Settings

Select type of analysis as modal and using the analysis settings dialog box , define mode extraction method for the analysis.

modal analysis in scifesol
select modal solver in scifesol

Define Material Properties

Select material of torque arm from material editor. We can also add new materials from the editor.

material properties

Define Element Properties

We define the behavior of 2D 4 node quadrilateral elements as plane stress.

2D Behaviour
Select 2D Behaviour
  • Now we define the formulation of quadrilateral elements as Enhanced Strain method.

  • Select the stiffness matrix integration rule as 2x2.

  • Select the mass matrix integration rule as 3x3 for higher accuracy.

  • Specify the thickness as 20 mm.

Element Formulation in scifesol

Apply Boundary Conditions

The beam is fixed at its left end using boundary ID 4.

Boundary conditions
Display Boundary Conditions

Solve

Start Modal solver to solve the model.

Solve Model

Results

Using the post processor tab, we plot the required Mode shapes.

Select Mode Shape
2D cantilever beam mode shape 1
2D cantilever beam mode shape 2

3D Model

Using the same procedure we solve for 3D model of the beam using Hexahedral elements .

cantilever beam
3D Beam Model

Results

In 3D analysis, the order of mode shapes change as degree of freedom of the model increases.

3D cantilever beam mode shape 1

Lateral Bending Mode

3D cantilever beam mode shape 2

Vertical Bending Mode

Summary

In this tutorial we have prepared the geometry and generated the mesh in GMSH. The mesh is then imported in SCIFESOL to perform modal analysis.

Watch video tutorial

note:Script file for above analysis is available in the SCIFESOL package. 

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